研究發表

Individuals commonly exhibit different sleep patterns between weekdays and weekends, notably weekend catch-up sleep (wCUS: increased duration) and social jet lag (SJL: delayed timing). This study simultaneously examined both sleep timing and duration to identify distinct patterns of weekday–weekend sleep differences using latent class analysis and to explore their associations with chronotype, sleep disturbance, and well-being. A total of 850 adults (aged 20–55) without diagnosed sleep or psychiatric disorders and not engaged in shift work participated in an online survey assessing their sleep patterns and daytime functioning, including levels of sleepiness, fatigue, depressive symptoms, and stress. Four distinct latent classes of sleep patterns were identified: Regular Sleepers with minimal SJL and no wCUS, Mild Weekend Shift Sleepers with minimal SJL and mild wCUS, Moderate Weekend Shift Sleepers with moderate SJL and wCUS, and Extreme Weekend Shift Sleepers with high SJL and high wCUS. Individuals in the Extreme Weekend Shift Sleepers group reported significantly higher levels of sleepiness, depressive emotions, and insomnia symptoms compared to the other groups, while no significant differences were found among the remaining three groups. These findings suggest that extreme weekend sleep shifts are associated with poorer symptom profiles, consistent with the possibility that larger timing delays and weekday sleep restrictions jointly characterize this subgroup. The pattern indicates a non-linear association in which modest weekend extensions did not correlate with worse symptoms in this sample. These results are descriptive and highlight the need for longitudinal studies to confirm these associations.

透過潛在類別分析，本研究在850名20至55歲無睡眠或精神疾病診斷、未從事輪班工作的成年人中，找出四種週間—週末睡眠模式差異的潛在類別：規律睡眠型（社交時差極小且無週末補眠）、輕度週末遷移型（社交時差極小且有輕微週末補眠）、中度週末遷移型（具體有社交時差及週末補眠）、以及極端週末遷移型（有高社交時差與週末補眠很多）。組間比較顯示，極端週末遷移型的受試者在嗜睡程度、憂鬱情緒及失眠症狀等面向均顯著高於其餘三組，而其餘三組彼此間則無顯著差異。

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